All items from Credit Slips

The MF Global trustee filed his lawsuit against
Jon S. Corzine and other former MF Global executives.

But the complaint itself, while quite well done, makes for
rather strange reading upon further reflection.

First, note that this is a breach of fiduciary duty action
against officers quo officers, whereas the more typical Delaware fiduciary duty
action is against the board.  Indeed,
one can almost forget that MF Global had a board when reading the complaint.
For example, we are told that “Defendant Corzine was ultimately
responsible for the Company’s administrative, back office and technology
functions, including the adequacy of the Company’s risk management and internal
controls.”

Sure, but where was the board? Certainly they had some responsibility here
too, no?



Posted 3 weeks 4 days ago

Congrats to Credit Slip’s Adam Levitin for winning a prestigious honor! Of course, this award is well deserved.
The American Law Institute announced today that Adam Levitin of Georgetown Law Center has been awarded its Young Scholar’s Medal.  ALI says that this honor is “designed to recognize early-career law professors whose work is relevant to the real world and has the potential to influence improvements in the law.”
William Treanor, Dean of Georgetown Law Center, said: "Professor Levitin's work not only has the potential to improve American law, it already has influenced improvements in law in multiple areas across the financial sector."
Justice Goodwin Liu of the California Supreme Court, who chaired the Young Scholars Medal Selection Committee, said, "Professor Levitin's work on the recent financial crisis has helped to guide lawmakers in the areas of housing finance and bank regulation."

Levitin will receive a cash prize, speak at an upcoming ALI Annual Meeting, and will plan a conference devoted to identifying legal subjects that would benefit from law reform.
As the ALI put it, “Professor Levitin's work focuses on financial regulation and the recent crisis in mortgage foreclosures. He has testified before Congress many times on topics including bankruptcy, bank regulation, consumer finance, and housing finance.”



Posted 3 weeks 6 days ago

Creditors owed identical amounts under identical defaulted Argentine bonds, including identical pari passu clauses, could get very different recoveries under the plaintiffs' theory of ratable payment--unless all such creditors are corralled into a mandatory class action that divvies up Argentina's surplus among them under equitable supervision of the courts.

Unequal recovery under identical instruments could happen if, for example, Argentina ran out of money after paying the first wave of pari passu litigants. The result seems out of whack with the original "Tom, Dick, and Harry" theory of the pari passu clause in sovereign debt instruments, as famously articulated by Professor Lowenfeld beginning in 1997 (this version 2000):
Suppose, for example, the total debt is $50,000 and the borrower has only $30,000 available. Tom lent $20,000 and Dick and Harry lent $15,000 each. The borrower must pay three fifths of the amount owed to each one -- i.e., $12,000 to Tom, and $9,000 each to Dick and Harry. Of course the reamaining sums would remain as obligations of the  borrower. But if the borrwer proposed to pay Tom $20,000 in full satisfaction, Dick $10,000 and Harry nothing, a court could and should issue an injunction at the behest of Harry. The injunction would run in the first instance against the borrower, but I  believe ... to Tom and Dick as well.



Posted 3 weeks 6 days ago

Surprise, surprise -- NML and colleagues would just as soon pass on Argentina's offer of 2010 restructuring terms. Plaintiffs' submission (ahead of schedule) is full of the sort of language I love to learn in this case and deploy on disobedient children: "plainly believes rule of law does not apply to it ... predictably and characteristically defiant ... fails completely ... astoundingly ... has the temerity to claim ... manifests yet again its contempt ... unyielding disregard for the law ..." All this in the first few pages of the filing.
Nothing astounding about this rejection. But one point in the filing is quite intriguing: the plaintiffs explain how one should deal with the prospect of future plaintiffs with the same rights as these coming to claim their own ratable payment, but finding the till empty:



Posted 3 weeks 6 days ago

Remember the $3.6 billion settlement the government made with huge lenders accused of wrongful evictions and other abuses? Wronged homeowners are beginning to get their settlement checks in the mail, only to find that some of them bounce. That’s right. After more than two years of waiting for the checks, the first round of checks arrived last week, but the company chosen to distribute the checks, Rust Consulting, failed to fortify the account upon which the checks were written, Huntington National Bank in Ohio. Read the dealbook story by Jessica Silver-Greenberg and Ben Protess here.



Posted 4 weeks 3 days ago

I always figured that Elizabeth Warren was the first bankruptcy lawyer to serve in the Senate.  Turns out that there's at least one other.  (I'm not counting Senators who have served as Chapter 7 trustees.) Anyone know who?  I'll post the answer in a few days. 



Posted 4 weeks 3 days ago

BrainsIn the fictional worlds of Charles Yu, George Saunders, or Etgar Keret, a person's accumulated life stories and thoughts when she files for bankruptcy might be withdrawn, like blood, then filtered for marketability. In such a world, a debtor might be required to spin her tale for the sole benefit of creditors, or forever silenced. Planning to give a five-minute anecdote about your childhood at The Moth? Don't even think about it.



Posted 4 weeks 4 days ago

Italy does not do things half-way. Of all the pari passu clauses on the planet, it had the one that most definitely, unambiguously, no-two-ways-about-it promised ratable payment to its bondholders. In English. Just search for "ratably" here. This got Italy some bloggy grief.
After the Second Circuit interpreted Argentina's pari passu clause to mean ratable payment, some governments chose to ponder the impact of the decision in the Risk Factors section of their securities disclosure. Heads up, investors--future restructurings might be tricky!--they said. Though apparently not tricky enough to change their own contracts.



Posted 4 weeks 4 days ago

Screen shot 2013-04-14 at 9.56.52 AM
A remarkable tabulation of the more than 3 million homeowners found to have been victims of mortgage servicing errors or fraud was released last week by the Fed and other bank regulators.  About 25,000 foreclosures were started while homeowners were in bankruptcy, nearly 200,000 foreclosures were completed on homeowners in approved modification plans, and another 168,000 foreclosures sales were conducted while modification requests were pending. 
Recall that these wrongful foreclosure tallies include only servicing in 2009 and 2010, and that the 3 million estimated violations by 11 banks are out of a nationwide total of about 50 million mortgages outstanding, about 7 million of which were delinquent at any given time in that period. 



Posted 5 weeks 13 hours ago

Brian Leiter's been running a poll about what areas of law and legal study deserve more attention from the legal academy. I was rather surprised by the choices in the poll: areas that I've always thought are well-covered like family law are included, while commercial law isn't even on the list. (One might express similar surprise about bankruptcy, which is a related, but distinct field, but that's another matter.) The poll includes "consumer law," but that's a pretty different area, as a lot of commercial law is about business-to-business transactions.   
While many of us on this blog teach commercial law courses and write on areas touching commercial law (secured credit informs all our work), there really aren't very many people actively writing in the classical commercial law areas of sales, payments, and secured lending or even in commercial finance more broadly. Larry Garvin's written a whole article about this.



Posted 5 weeks 1 day ago